Policy Validation

(Reuters 2/12/21)

ROME — Finance ministers from the Group of Seven (G7) rich nations have committed to continuing coordinated action to support the economy, Italian Economy Minister Roberto Gualtieri said on Friday.

“G7 ministers confirmed today their common and coordinated commitment to support the recovery and to set the conditions for a sustainable and inclusive growth. The withdrawal of policy support is premature,” he wrote on Twitter after an online call with his G7 peers.

(National Post 2/12/21)

Japan's Aso: G7 finmins discussed support for low-income countries

Financial leaders from the Group of Seven (G7) rich nations discussed support for low-income countries and new allocation of special drawing rights at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in a virtual meeting, Japanese Finance Minister Taro Aso said on Friday.

Aso was speaking to reporters after attending Friday's online meeting with his G7 peers under the United Kingdom as new chair.

(Bloomberg 2/12/21)

In her first call with foreign counterparts and central bankers from the G-7, Yellen said that “the time to go big is now” and that the group should focus on how to help the economy, the U.S. Treasury Department said in a statement after the virtual meeting held on Friday. The U.K. is the rotating head of the G-7 this year.
The U.S. is leaning toward backing an increase in the IMF’s special drawing rights by as much as $500 billion, Bloomberg News reported earlier this month. The fund has been lobbying for more help to support developing nations against the Covid-19 crisis. A decision could come as soon as this month.

Policy Validation

FT 2/10/21

Jay Powell stressed the importance of “patiently accommodative” monetary policy to support the struggling US labour market, warning that achieving full employment in the world’s largest economy will not be easy. In prepared remarks to the Economic Club of New York on Wednesday, the chair of the Federal Reserve said US employment was far from its pre-pandemic level. He did not reveal any anxiety about a rise in inflation later this year triggered by President Joe Biden’s $1.9tn fiscal stimulus plan. “Despite the surprising speed of recovery early on, we are still very far from a strong labour market whose benefits are broadly shared,” Powell said. “Employment in January of this year was nearly 10m below its February 2020 level, a greater shortfall than the worst of the Great Recession’s aftermath.” Powell also indicated that US policymakers, including health officials, fiscal authorities and central bankers, would still have plenty of work to do in order to close that gap, suggesting the Fed did not see a quick end in sight to the economic downturn triggered by the pandemic.

Policy Validation

(Dow Jones 2/11/21)

Fed's Daly Sees Central Bank Maintaining Its Bond-Buying Pace Through 2021

Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco leader Mary Daly said the U.S. central bank is unlikely to pull back on its bond-buying stimulus this year, and that another round of government aid shouldn't overheat the economy.
The official said she continues to expect the U.S. economy to pick up speed over the second half of the year, as vaccinations roll out and allow the economy to emerge from the shadows of the coronavirus pandemic. But even as the nation emerges from the crisis, it won't yet be time for the central bank to pull back on its $120 billion a month in bond buying, she told The Wall Street Journal on Wednesday.

"For now, we have policy in a good place," Ms. Daly said. "If you take the lens of my modal outlook, then it's really continuing to purchase at the current pace through the end of this year."

(Bloomberg 2/16/21)

China is exploring whether it can hurt U.S. defense contractors by limiting supplies of rare-earth minerals that are critical to the industry, the Financial Times reported. Industry executives said government officials had asked them how badly companies in the U.S. and Europe would be affected if China restricted rare-earth exports during a bilateral dispute, the FT reported, citing people it didn’t identify involved in the consultation.

Policy Validation

“The committee has said we are going to wait for further progress on our goals. I gave a rosy outlook today but it’s only an outlook. I would definitely want to see whether this materializes or not before getting into any adjustments to policy”

“The chair has wanted to start that conversation only when it’s appropriate and not get ahead of ourselves even though we do have high hopes the pandemic will come to an end”

Bullard speaks with reporters Thursday after giving presentation on the economic outlook

Policy Validation

(Bloomberg 1/29/21)

PBOC Says Market Talk of SLF Rate Hike ‘Untrue’

PBOC says it has noticed the rumor about potential SLF rate hike and has reported it to the police, the Chinese central bank says in a reply to Bloomberg News.

China's central bank on Friday conducted 100 billion yuan (about 15.45 billion U.S. dollars) of reverse repos amid rising fiscal expenditure at the end of the month.

The move aims to maintain reasonably ample liquidity in the banking system, according to a statement on the website of the People's Bank of China.

The interest rate for the seven-day reverse repos was set at 2.2 percent, the central bank said.
With 2 billion yuan of reverse repos maturing on the same day, the move led to a net liquidity injection of 98 billion yuan into the market.

Policy Validation
(From Chair Powell's press conference 1/27/21)

You know, in terms of tapering, it's just premature. We just created the guidance. We said we want to see substantial further progress toward our goals before we modify our asset purchase guidance. It's just too early to be talking about dates. We should be focused on progress that we'll need to see actual progress. When we see ourselves getting to that point, we'll communicate clearly about it to the public. So nobody will be surprised when the time comes. We'll do that well in advance of actually considering what will be a pretty gradual taper. >> If I might, your policies are working and you can do more, the question is can you stop doing it when it's time? >> Chairman Powell: Yeah. So I was here -- we had all the same questions back in -- after the global financial crisis. We raised interest rates, we froze the balance sheet size and slang the balance sheet -- shrank the balance sheet size. We can do that again. We learned a lot from that experience. We understand as we understood then, but even more so we understand the way to do is it communicate well in advance, do predictable things and move gradually. We're going to be transparent. But honestly, the whole focus on exit is premature if I may say. We're focused on finishing the job we're doing, which is to support the economy, give the economy the support it needs. There are people out there who have lost their jobs. It's essential we get them back to work as quickly as possible. We want to do everything we can to do that and that is our primary focus right now. It's too soon to be worried about that. When we come to exit, we have an understanding of how to do that and we'll do it very carefully but in the meantime our focus is giving the economy the support it needs.

(Dow Jones 1/21/21)

BOJ Could Tweak 10-Year Yield Target Range at Policy Review

As Bank of Japan Gov. Haruhiko Kuroda says he is looking for more effective ways to control the nation's yield curve, one option could include widening the target range for the 10-year JGB yield, which is currently set between minus 0.2% and plus 0.2%, according to people familiar with the BOJ's thinking. Mr. Kuroda said Thursday the central bank had no plan to change the overall framework of the yield curve control policy, but would examine the side effects of such measures, including the impact on
market functions, at its next policy-setting meeting in March.

Policy Validation
(National Post 1/29/21)

BOJ drops more hints of bigger yield moves ahead of March review
TOKYO - Bank of Japan policymakers discussed the merits of allowing long-term yields to move more flexibly around the bank's target, a summary of opinions at their January meeting showed, a sign the idea will be a key element of its policy review in March.
As the coronavirus pandemic forces it to maintain a massive stimulus program for a prolonged period, the BOJ plans to announce in March ways to make its tools more sustainable.
"With our monetary easing steps to be prolonged, allowing the 10-year government bond yield to move upward and downward to some extent ... will contribute to financial system stability," said one member, according to the summary released on Friday.
Allowing 10-year yields to move more widely likely won't hurt the economy much, because most money raised by households and companies aren't directly affected by long-term rate moves, another opinion quoted in the summary showed.
The comments are the strongest hints to date that the BOJ will allow long-term rates to deviate further from its 0% target in its March policy review.

(Bloomberg 1/21/21)

Euro Rises to One-Week High on Hint of ECB Easing Life Support

German, Italian bonds slip; ECB seen easing pace of purchases
Implicit yield curve control could be temporary, says Robeco
The euro climbed and bonds across the region slid on signs that the European Central Bank’s level of stimulus may slow over the coming months.

The common currency rose as much as 0.6% to touch $1.2173, the highest level in a week, and both German and Italian bonds declined. The moves came after the policy statement said that its pandemic-bond purchase program need not be used in full should favorable financing conditions be maintained.

With the ECB having ramped up its bond-buying plan to 1.85 trillion euros last month, market expectations for any change going into this meeting were low. While the region’s risks are to the downside, President Christine Lagarde highlighted the vaccine rollout, the Brexit deal and the bloc’s joint bond issuance as positive economic drivers.

(Dow Jones 1/21/21)

ECB Comments Accelerate Eurozone Government-Bond Selling -- Market Talk

Selling in eurozone government bonds accelerates after the European Central Bank flagged the possibility of not using the EUR1.85 trillion Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme in full if favorable financing conditions can be maintained. Ten-year German Bund yields trade 3.5 basis points higher at -0.524%, and yields of other core and semi-core 10-year bond yields are up by a similar magnitude. Peripheral government bonds, in particular those of Italy, come under greater pressure, with the yield on the 10-year Italian BTP 6 basis points higher at 0.675%, according to Tradeweb.

(Bloomberg 12/28/20)

Alibaba Antitrust Fears Drive $200 Billion Chinese Tech Selloff
Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. led a second day
of frenetic selling among China’s largest tech firms, driven by
fears that antitrust scrutiny will spread beyond Jack Ma’s
internet empire and engulf the country’s most powerful
corporations.

Alibaba and its three largest rivals -- Tencent Holdings
Ltd., food delivery giant Meituan and JD.com Inc. -- have shed
nearly $200 billion over two sessions since Thursday, when
regulators revealed an investigation into alleged monopolistic
practices at Ma’s signature company. That marked the formal
start of the Communist Party’s crackdown on not just Alibaba but
also, potentially, the wider and increasingly influential tech
sphere.

Policy Validation

(Bloomberg 12/27/20)
China Orders Ant to Return to Its Roots in Payments Services (3)

Chinese regulators ordered Jack Ma’s online
financial titan Ant Group Co. to return to its roots as a
provider of payments services, threatening to throttle growth in
its most lucrative businesses of consumer loans and wealth
management.

The central bank summoned Ant executives over the weekend
and told them to “rectify” the company’s lending, insurance and
wealth management services, the People’s Bank of China said in a
statement Sunday. While it stopped short of directly asking for
a breakup of the company, the central bank stressed that Ant
needed to “understand the necessity of overhauling its business”
and come up with a timetable as soon as possible.

(CNBC 12/16/20)

The Federal Reserve on Wednesday made a key adjustment to its efforts to support the economy, while upgrading its outlook for growth.
As expected, the Fed held benchmark interest rates near zero following the conclusion of its two-day meeting.
Investors were watching whether the Fed would present outcomes-based guidance in which it would state the conditions necessary for a reversal in policy.
The Fed delivered in that respect, saying it would continue to buy at least $120 billion of bonds each month “until substantial further progress has been made toward the Committee’s maximum employment and price stability goals,” the post-meeting statement said.
“These asset purchases help foster smooth market functioning and accommodative financial conditions, thereby supporting the flow of credit to households and businesses,” the Federal Open Market Committee added in a statement that gained unanimous approval.
The committee, however, did not say it would extend the duration of those purchases.

(CNBC 12/10/20)

ECB expands and extends its bond buying as coronavirus resurgence weighs on the recovery

The European Central Bank on Thursday expanded its massive monetary stimulus program by another 500 billion euros ($605 billion), as a second wave of lockdown measures weigh on the euro area’s economic recovery.

Markets had largely expected the central bank to add to its bond buying, having vowed back in October to “recalibrate its instruments” as a resurgence in coronavirus cases across the continent led to further national shutdowns.

The ECB held interest rates on its main refinancing operations, marginal lending facility and deposit facility at 0.00%, 0.25% and -0.50%, respectively.
The central bank launched its Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme (PEPP) in a bid to shore up the bloc’s economy in the wake of the pandemic. Following Thursday’s expansion, the total asset purchase value is 1.85 trillion euros, and the ECB extended the horizon for purchases under the PEPP to March 2022.

In a statement following the decision, the ECB said it would conduct net purchases until its Governing Council judges that the “coronavirus crisis phase is over,” and restated that interest rates would remain at their current low levels until it the central bank sees the inflation outlook “robustly converge” to its target of “close to, but below” 2%.

The Governing Council also opted to “recalibrate” the third edition of its targeted longer-term refinancing operations (TLTRO III), which are ultra cheap loans for banks, by extending the current favorable terms to lenders by 12 months until June 2022.

(Bloomberg 12/9/20)

Poland, Hungary Say Deal Reached on $2.2 Trillion EU Stimulus

Poland and Hungary have agreed on a compromise with Germany to unblock the European Union’s $2.2 trillion budget and pandemic stimulus plan, a senior government official in Warsaw said. The compromise would end a standoff that saw Budapest and Warsaw threaten to torpedo the EU’s 750 billion-euro ($909
billion) pandemic aid fund and the 2021-2027 budget over objections to attaching rule-of-law conditions to cash. Polish Deputy Prime Minister Jaroslaw Gowin said an agreement had been clinched with Germany, which holds the EU’s
rotating presidency, that would now be presented to the rest of the bloc. A deal could be finalized by Friday by the end of a two-day summit of European leaders in Brussels, he said. The zloty jumped to the highest level against the euro
since September on news of the EU deal. The forint also gained.

(Bloomberg 1/21/21)

Treasury-Fed coordination
Yellen suggested that she won’t mount a fresh fight to revive several Federal Reserve lending facilities that were phased out by her predecessor. “The Federal Reserve will continue to provide support to the economy through its ongoing programs and the use of its available tools but as mandated by Congress, the 13(3) facilities funded by the Cares Act will not be available,” she wrote, referring to a section of the law governing the Fed

(Bloomberg 11/25/20)

Fed to Hold Off With Maturity Extension in December, Maybe 1Q21
RECENT EVENT REACTION: The minutes of the November FOMC meeting suggest any change to the Federal Reserve's asset purchases will be a 2021 action, in our view. The committee noted that its tool kit included both an outright maturity extension while maintaining current purchase sizes, or potentially extending purchases to longer-term securities while cutting total notional value the Fed is buying. We think the former is more likely in a deteriorating economic environment.

(Bloomberg 12/1/20)

China plans to impose “special and innovative regulatory measures” on financial technology behemoths such as Jack Ma’s Ant Group Co. to eliminate monopolistic practices and strengthen risk controls.
Advances in technology have brought tremendous change to
the financial sector, Guo Shuqing, chairman of the China Banking
and Insurance Regulatory Commission and Party Secretary of the
central bank, wrote in an article outlining regulations over the
next five years. It was cited in the official Shanghai
Securities News.

(Bloomberg 11/3/20)

Xi Says Economy Can Double as China Lays Out Ambitious Plans

Chinese President Xi Jinping said the economy can double in size by 2035 and the country can reach high-income status in the next five years as the Communist Party outlined ambitious plans for the nation’s future. “It is entirely possible to reach the high-income country status by current standards by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and to double the total economic output or per capita income by 2035,” Xi said in a speech to the party’s Central Committee, according to state media Xinhua.